Alcian Blue (pH 2.5)-Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) Double Staining Method


Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) reaction is a method for detecting neutral and acid polysaccharides. When using a double staining method of pH 2.5 alcian blue and PAS, neutral mucopolysaccharides are stained "red" with Schiff's reagent, and acid mucopolysaccharides are stained "blue" with alcian blue (Male Ventral Glands). The following manipulations should be conducted under room temperatures (around 24 C).

[Deparaffinization]
(1) Xylene down I: 10 min
(2) Xylene down II: 10 min
(3) 100% ethyl alcohol (= ethanol) down I: 10 min
(4) 100% ethanol down II: 10 min
(5) 90% ethanol down: 10 min
(6) 70% ethanol down: 10 min
(7) Distilled water (= D.W.): 5 min

[Staining]
(1) 3% CH3COOH solution (1): 2 min
(2) pH 2.5 alcian blue: 1 h
(3) D.W.: 30 sec
(4) 3% CH3COOH solution (2): 30 sec
(5) D.W.: 30 sec
(6) 0.3% Na2CO3 solution: 20 min
(7) D.W.: 30 sec
(8) 0.5% HIO4 solution: 7 min
(9) Washing with running tap water: 5 min
(10) D.W.: 30 sec
(11) Schiff's reagent: 10 min
(12) Washing with NaHSO3 solution (1): 3 min
(13) Washing with NaHSO3 solution (2): 3 min
(14) Washing with NaHSO3 solution (3): 3 min
(15) Washing with running tap water: 5 min
(16) D.W.: 30 sec

[Dehydration and Immersion]
(1) 70% ethanol up: 10 min
(2) 90% ethanol up: 2 min
(3) 100% ethanol up I: 3 min
(4) 100% ethanol up II: 5 min
(5) Creosote-xylene up: 5 min
(6) Xylene up I: 5 min
(7) Xylene up II: 10 min
(8) Mount of sections in 6-7 drops of a mixed solution of Canada balsam and xylene with a 24 x 45-55 mm micro cover glass

[Components of each solution]
(1) pH 2.5 alcian blue (200 ml): Add glacial acetic acid (6 ml) to D.W. (194 ml), and then dissolve alcian blue 8GX (0.2 g) in it. After adjusting this solution to pH 2.5 with sodium phosphate-buffer, add a small amount (to a pick of earwax) of powdery thymol (i.e., antiseptic) to it
(2) Sodium phosphate-buffer: Dissolve Na2HPO4.12H2O (7.16 g) in D.W. (100 ml)
(3) Schiff's reagent (200 ml): Boil D.W. (200 ml). After being fire off, add "basic fuchsine" (= parafuchsine: 1 g) to this D.W., in which basic fuchsine is gradually dissoluble. Further boil this solution for 5-10 min to dissolve basic fuchsine entirely. After chilling this solution until 50 C at a room temperature, filtrate it. Add 1N-HCl (20 ml) to this solution, and then mix it by stirring to dissolve some drifting matters. After chilling this solution until 25 C with running tap water, dissolve NaHSO3 (1 g) in it. Reserve this solution in a refrigerator for 2-3 days (solution coloring turns "
orange") before using it (this solution needs a screen for light-interception). Need renewal of this solution if its coloring turned a tinge of red
(4) 1N-HCl (100 ml): Add 37.2% HCl (8.35 ml) to some amount of D.W., and then increase D.W. up to 100 ml
(5) NaHSO3 solution (600 ml): Mix 10% NaHSO3 (36 ml) with 1N-HCl (30 ml), and then add D.W. to this solution (up to 600 ml). Make the NaHSO3 solution just before using it
(6) Creosote-xylene (200 ml): Mix creosote (50 ml) with xylene (150 ml)


Copyright 2003 Masato Hasumi, Dr. Sci. All rights reserved.
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