Study Area (Hasumi)

Study Area (Wetland)

Along the approximately 30 m distance from the right bank of the river (Otanoshike-Ogawa River), the study area (100 x 55 m) is divided into two riparian vegetation regions (Otanoshike Wetland), a dry forest, dominated by an overstory of a single alder species and irregularly interspersed with small open fields, and a wet marsh, composed of sedges and woody plants (Spiraea salicifolia). There are many bodies of water on the southeastern edge of this bank, which collectively form a low wetland fen (Fen-Landscape), available for breeding habitat requirements of Salamandrella keyserlingii. An abandoned developed area is present on the fen side (Road Construction). Open circles denote locations of 160 pitfall-traps (Pitfall-Trap).