Alizarin Red Staining Method


This is a method for visualizing the skeleton stained "purple-red" with alizarinsulfonate through the transparent muscle of the specimen (cartilages cannot be stained; Shapes of Prevomerine Teeth; Skull Variation). The following manipulations should be conducted under room temperatures (around 24 C). Don't shake any specimen at all in these procedures (the skeleton will fall to pieces).

(1) Fix a dead individual, or an individual sacrificed with anesthesia, in 10% formalin in good standing (more than 1 day). Preservation of the fixed specimen in 70% ethanol is possible.
(2) Subject this specimen to fat removal in acetone (more than 5 days).
(3) Rinse the fat-removed specimen enough with tap water (more than 1 day).
(4) Strip off the skin of this specimen, using tools such as tweezers.
(5) Keep the stripped specimen in 2-4% KOH solution, till the skeleton is faintly visible through the muscle (1-3 weeks). This manipulation takes too much time when exposed to low temperatures.
(6) Keep this specimen in a mixed solution of 2-4% KOH solution (6 vols.) and the "staining solution*" (1 vol.), for staining (1 day).
(7) Keep this specimen in 2-4% KOH solution, for differentiation (2-3 days).
(8) Keep this specimen in a mixed solution of 2-4% KOH solution (3 vols.) and glycerin (1 vol.), till the skeleton is clearly visible through the muscle (1-3 weeks).
(9) Keep this specimen in a mixed solution of 2-4% KOH solution (1 vol.) and glycerin (3 vols.), till the specimen sinks to the bottom of the vessel (2-3 days).
(10) Preserve this specimen in glycerin with a small amount (to a pick of earwax) of powdery thymol (i.e., antiseptic).

[Components of the staining solution (150 ml)]
*Dissolve alizarinsulfonate (100 mg) in 1% chloral hydrate solution (120 ml), and then add glycerin (20 ml) and glacial acetic acid (10 ml), in turn, to this solution.


Copyright 2002-2003 Masato Hasumi, Dr. Sci. All rights reserved.
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